Slot Machine Expected Value

Slot Machine Expected Value 8,0/10 776 votes
  • Appendices
  • Slots Analysis
  • Miscellaneous

Introduction

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Machine

From time to time I get asked specifically how to calculate the return for a slot machine. To avoid breaking any copyright laws I won't use any actual machine as an example but create me own. Lets assume this is a standard three reel electro-mechanical slot machine with the following payoff table based on the center line:

Slot Machine

Center PaylinePays

Three bars

5000

Three cherries

1000

Three plums

200

Three watermelons

100

Three oranges

50

Three lemons

25

Any two cherries

10

Any one cherry

2

There seems to be always 22 actual stops on each reel of a slot machine. The following table shows the symbol on each stop as well as the weight.

Weight Table

SymbolReel 1Reel 2Reel 3

Cherry

3

2

1

Blank

2

3

3

Plum

3

2

2

Blank

2

3

3

Watermelon

3

3

2

Blank

2

3

3

Orange

4

3

3

Blank

2

3

3

Lemon

4

3

3

Blank

5

5

8

Bar

4

3

1

Blank

5

5

7

Cherry

2

2

1

Blank

2

3

3

Plum

3

2

1

Blank

2

3

3

Watermelon

3

2

2

Blank

2

3

3

Orange

3

2

3

Blank

2

3

3

Lemon

4

3

3

Blank

2

3

3

Total

64

64

64

There are two interesting things to note at this point.First notice that the first reel is weight the most generously and the third is the least. For example the bar has 4 weights on reel 1 and only 1 weight on reel 3. Second notice the high number of blanks directly above and below the bar symbol. This results in a near miss effect.

Most of the symbols occur twice on the reel, and the blank 11 times. The following table shows the total number of weights of each kind of symbol.

Total Weight Table

Slot Machine Expected Value Calculator

SymbolReel 1Reel 2Reel 3

Bar

4

3

1

Cherry

5

4

2

Plum

6

4

3

Watermelon

6

5

4

Orange

7

5

6

Lemon

8

6

6

Blank

28

37

42

Total

64

64

64

Given the two table of weights and the pay table it only takes simple math to calculate the expected return. Following are the specific probabilities of each paying combination. Note that each virtual reel has a total of 64 stops so the total number of possible combinations is 643 = 262,144.

Slot Machine Expected Value Formula

  • 3 Bars: 4*3*1/262,144 = 0.000046
  • 3 Cherries: 5*4*2/262,144 = 0.000153
  • 3 Plums: 6*4*3/262,144 = 0.000275
  • 3 Watermelons: 6*5*4/262,144 = 0.000458
  • 3 Oranges: 7*5*6/262,144 = 0.000801
  • 3 Lemons: 8*6*6/262,144 = 0.001099
  • 2 Cherries: (5*4*62 + 5*60*2 + 59*4*2)/262,144 =0.008820
  • 1 Cherry: (5*60*62 + 59*4*62 + 59*60*2)/262,144 =0.153778

Slot Machine Expected Value Calculation

The average return of the machine is the dot product of the above probabilities and their respective payoffs:

0.000046*5000 + 0.000153*1000 + 0.000275*200 +0.000458*100 + 0.000801*50 + 0.001099*25 + 0.008820*10 +0.153778*2 = 0.94545 .

Thus for every unit played the machine will return back 94.545%.

Go black to slot machines.


Written by: Michael Shackleford
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